Friday, September 19, 2008
Population/Wealth Distribution
US = 5% of the population and 20% of geenhouse gases.
today there are 6.5 billion people by mid next century 9 billion.
Demand for energy to grow by 50% by 2030. US pop to grow by 34 % between 2005- 2030.
If oil remains above 50 bucks a barrell, alternative energy investment will continue
Chinese could have 800million cars if bought at the rate that Americans do. in 1990, 35 urban areas with over 5 million people. Today there are 54. 38 in the developing world. (plot) World largest City link . http://www.mongabay.com/cities_pop_01.htm
The Center for Environment and Population each American in effect takes up 20 percent more land than he or she did 20 years ago.
Fifty-three percent of Americans live within 50 miles of a coast, on only 17 percent of the nation's land.
However Seven of the 10 fastest-growing cities in the United States are in arid Arizona, Nevada, or Colorado, and Nevada is our fastest-growing state.
today there are 6.5 billion people by mid next century 9 billion.
Demand for energy to grow by 50% by 2030. US pop to grow by 34 % between 2005- 2030.
If oil remains above 50 bucks a barrell, alternative energy investment will continue
Chinese could have 800million cars if bought at the rate that Americans do. in 1990, 35 urban areas with over 5 million people. Today there are 54. 38 in the developing world. (plot) World largest City link . http://www.mongabay.com/cities_pop_01.htm
The Center for Environment and Population each American in effect takes up 20 percent more land than he or she did 20 years ago.
Fifty-three percent of Americans live within 50 miles of a coast, on only 17 percent of the nation's land.
However Seven of the 10 fastest-growing cities in the United States are in arid Arizona, Nevada, or Colorado, and Nevada is our fastest-growing state.
Global Warming- Greenhouse Gases
Air travel an estimated 25% of the Co2-
Deforestation accounts for 20% of all current carbon emissions.
plot to save the world Fertilizer and farm machinery 12 % of the Greenhouse gas.
Fabric and Wood for furniture account for 20% growth in ghg. (58 ptstw)
1) About 69% of our nation's greenhouse pollution comes from the production of power and heat. 2) A typical U.S. power plant is only 33% efficient, meaning it throws away two-thirds of its fuel. This pathetic figure hasn't improved since the 1950s.
3) Technology is available right now to make power plants that are 70-90% efficient. Such plants -- which "recycle" their own waste heat into clean power and steam -- provide over half of Denmark's energy.
If we reduced by 50% amount of ghg from buildings = no new coal plants.
There may be dangers associated with sequestering- Volcano C02 killed 1800 in @
2 Centuries raised carbon by 35% to 350 parts per million.
At present growth, half century will triple it. (Princeton) ptstw
pg 8. Rich nations need to reduce gas by 80% by half century.
Half in us may be met by Recycling, Better Building Designs, Smarter Grids, LED lighting .Rest in Transportation and Power Plants.
Deforestation accounts for 20% of all current carbon emissions.
plot to save the world Fertilizer and farm machinery 12 % of the Greenhouse gas.
Fabric and Wood for furniture account for 20% growth in ghg. (58 ptstw)
1) About 69% of our nation's greenhouse pollution comes from the production of power and heat. 2) A typical U.S. power plant is only 33% efficient, meaning it throws away two-thirds of its fuel. This pathetic figure hasn't improved since the 1950s.
3) Technology is available right now to make power plants that are 70-90% efficient. Such plants -- which "recycle" their own waste heat into clean power and steam -- provide over half of Denmark's energy.
If we reduced by 50% amount of ghg from buildings = no new coal plants.
There may be dangers associated with sequestering- Volcano C02 killed 1800 in @
2 Centuries raised carbon by 35% to 350 parts per million.
At present growth, half century will triple it. (Princeton) ptstw
pg 8. Rich nations need to reduce gas by 80% by half century.
Half in us may be met by Recycling, Better Building Designs, Smarter Grids, LED lighting .Rest in Transportation and Power Plants.
Economics of Energy
If oil remains above 50 bucks a barrell, alternative energy investment will continue
Energy is a 6 Trillion Dollar world wide industry. 100 Billion invested worldwide in 2006 in renewable Energy. Wind and Solar are growing more than 30% a year. Global investment is predicted to go to 750 Billion over the next decade. To put in perspective, Exxon spent over 80 Billion between 02-06 on Oil,Gas exploration and refining, PTSW pg 3 in all big oil,big power and auto represent 15% of the US economy and employs 2.2 million. Over 2 billion people don't have access to affordable power. 700 billion invested in the US to this point and another 800 billion est till 2020 in nuclear, coal, electricity. ptsw Tar sands in US Canada are the size of FLA. The second largest to the Saudi's. Shift of Energy World will move from Houston.detroit to California and the North east. 124 renewable startups in Ca in 2006. 10 % of American VC investment in Renewables. Cleantech Capital Group thinks they will grow to 10 Billion in 2009 10 times what DOE spends. That model was based on two linked ideas: 1) energy was inexhaustible, inexpensive and benign; and 2) China could count on raising its living standards by forever being the world’s low-cost manufacturing workshop, based on cheap energy. (from a Tom Friedman article)
DUBAI: Saudi Arabia, the world’s largest oil exporter, will need crude prices to remain above $49 a barrel to avoid a fiscal deficit
Energy is a 6 Trillion Dollar world wide industry. 100 Billion invested worldwide in 2006 in renewable Energy. Wind and Solar are growing more than 30% a year. Global investment is predicted to go to 750 Billion over the next decade. To put in perspective, Exxon spent over 80 Billion between 02-06 on Oil,Gas exploration and refining, PTSW pg 3 in all big oil,big power and auto represent 15% of the US economy and employs 2.2 million. Over 2 billion people don't have access to affordable power. 700 billion invested in the US to this point and another 800 billion est till 2020 in nuclear, coal, electricity. ptsw Tar sands in US Canada are the size of FLA. The second largest to the Saudi's. Shift of Energy World will move from Houston.detroit to California and the North east. 124 renewable startups in Ca in 2006. 10 % of American VC investment in Renewables. Cleantech Capital Group thinks they will grow to 10 Billion in 2009 10 times what DOE spends. That model was based on two linked ideas: 1) energy was inexhaustible, inexpensive and benign; and 2) China could count on raising its living standards by forever being the world’s low-cost manufacturing workshop, based on cheap energy. (from a Tom Friedman article)
DUBAI: Saudi Arabia, the world’s largest oil exporter, will need crude prices to remain above $49 a barrel to avoid a fiscal deficit
Biodiesel/Ethanol
First-generation biofuels are produced in two ways. One way is through the fermentation of either starch-based food products — such as corn kernels — or sugar-based food products — such as sugar cane — into ethanol. Another way is by processing vegetable oils, such as soy, rapeseed and palm, into biodiesel.
Second-generation biofuels are made from a wider variety of nonfood sources, such as cellulose, algae and recovered waste products. Still in the early development stages, second-generation biofuels could play an integral role in diversifying the world's energy sources by greatly expanding the pool of potential feedstocks while not using food-based products for fuel. These fuels have the potential to be created from renewable resources such as switchgrass, forest and agricultural residues, municipal solid waste, and new energy crops.
Third Generation: Algae biofuels
Notes on C02 and energy in and out for Biofuels
http://216.69.139.38/AboutUs/AboutUs-Environ-Net-Energy.html
E3 Biofuels is about to fire up the most energy-efficient corn ethanol facility in the country: a $75 million state-of the-art biorefinery and feedlot capable of producing 25 million gallons of ethanol a year. What’s more, it will run on methane gas produced from cow manure. The super-efficient operation capitalizes on a closed loop of resources available here on the prairie – cattle (fed on corn), manure (from the cows), and corn (fed into the ethanol distiller). The output: a potential gusher of renewable, energy-efficient transportation fuel.
Efficentcy arguement
http://i-r-squared.blogspot.com/2006/09/postscript-with-wang-and-khosla.html
Wired article on ethanol
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.10/ethanol.html
Biofuels is the Hamburger Helper of Energy.
Link to the Myth of Biofuels article
Rules for Effective Biofuels
http://ecoworld.com/blog/2008/03/31/revisiting-biofuel/
Biofuels magazine link
http://www.biofuels-news.com/?gclid=CIeX7v-qjZYCFQVfFQodBCEiEA
Bio-diesel is a fuel produced from renewable resources such as vegetable oil rather than petroleum and can be directly used as a fuel or blended with conventional diesel fuel made from petroleum (petro diesel). The benefits of bio-diesel are long: Bio-diesel can run in almost any vehicle that can run on petro diesel with few or no modifications.
Diesel makes up 22% of the ground transportation fuel in the United States
The best biofuels
http://images.businessweek.com/ss/09/04/0416_biofuel/1.htm
Second-generation biofuels are made from a wider variety of nonfood sources, such as cellulose, algae and recovered waste products. Still in the early development stages, second-generation biofuels could play an integral role in diversifying the world's energy sources by greatly expanding the pool of potential feedstocks while not using food-based products for fuel. These fuels have the potential to be created from renewable resources such as switchgrass, forest and agricultural residues, municipal solid waste, and new energy crops.
Third Generation: Algae biofuels
Notes on C02 and energy in and out for Biofuels
http://216.69.139.38/AboutUs/AboutUs-Environ-Net-Energy.html
E3 Biofuels is about to fire up the most energy-efficient corn ethanol facility in the country: a $75 million state-of the-art biorefinery and feedlot capable of producing 25 million gallons of ethanol a year. What’s more, it will run on methane gas produced from cow manure. The super-efficient operation capitalizes on a closed loop of resources available here on the prairie – cattle (fed on corn), manure (from the cows), and corn (fed into the ethanol distiller). The output: a potential gusher of renewable, energy-efficient transportation fuel.
Efficentcy arguement
http://i-r-squared.blogspot.com/2006/09/postscript-with-wang-and-khosla.html
Wired article on ethanol
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.10/ethanol.html
Biofuels is the Hamburger Helper of Energy.
Link to the Myth of Biofuels article
Rules for Effective Biofuels
http://ecoworld.com/blog/2008/03/31/revisiting-biofuel/
Biofuels magazine link
http://www.biofuels-news.com/?gclid=CIeX7v-qjZYCFQVfFQodBCEiEA
Bio-diesel is a fuel produced from renewable resources such as vegetable oil rather than petroleum and can be directly used as a fuel or blended with conventional diesel fuel made from petroleum (petro diesel). The benefits of bio-diesel are long: Bio-diesel can run in almost any vehicle that can run on petro diesel with few or no modifications.
Diesel makes up 22% of the ground transportation fuel in the United States
The best biofuels
http://images.businessweek.com/ss/09/04/0416_biofuel/1.htm
Broad Solutions
http://goinggreen.goingon.com/page/display/28929?param=session/354
The Khosla three
Relevant Cost -must be cheaper than fossil alternative
Relevant Scale
Relevant Adoption- adoption risk matters
trajectory of cost
Cleantech in order to be relative must be Maintech
war on coal, oil , efficiency,substainable materials
Baseload Power
Storage is important
cement fourth largest of carbon dioxiode
Optionality is important part of
The Khosla three
Relevant Cost -must be cheaper than fossil alternative
Relevant Scale
Relevant Adoption- adoption risk matters
trajectory of cost
Cleantech in order to be relative must be Maintech
war on coal, oil , efficiency,substainable materials
Baseload Power
Storage is important
cement fourth largest of carbon dioxiode
Optionality is important part of
Alternative Auto
Clean Power Technologies
According to the company's research,
only 27 percent of the energy from a tank of gas is actually used for propelling the vehicle forward,
33 percent is used to cool the engine, 36 percent is just lost through heat via the exhaust and a mere 4 percent is lost to friction.
Toyota expects to sell 1 million hybrids or 10 percent of fleet in the next few years.
Transportation is 20 % of ghg us emits. building a 60 mpg vehicle would help.
It's said that for each ton that we keep out of atmosphere. it cost 250 in car cost per ton vs 5 -15 bucks in tree planting.
In todays auto 80% of gas energy is loss in exhaust and heat.
1% of energy moves the driver.
Average Driver uses 600 gallons a year. Amory Lovins- plot
City requires 20 sq meters (yards) per each car of parking space.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/21/business/global/fuel-efficiency-takes-baby-steps-in-the-auto-industry.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all
According to the company's research,
only 27 percent of the energy from a tank of gas is actually used for propelling the vehicle forward,
33 percent is used to cool the engine, 36 percent is just lost through heat via the exhaust and a mere 4 percent is lost to friction.
Toyota expects to sell 1 million hybrids or 10 percent of fleet in the next few years.
Transportation is 20 % of ghg us emits. building a 60 mpg vehicle would help.
It's said that for each ton that we keep out of atmosphere. it cost 250 in car cost per ton vs 5 -15 bucks in tree planting.
In todays auto 80% of gas energy is loss in exhaust and heat.
1% of energy moves the driver.
Average Driver uses 600 gallons a year. Amory Lovins- plot
City requires 20 sq meters (yards) per each car of parking space.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/21/business/global/fuel-efficiency-takes-baby-steps-in-the-auto-industry.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all
Algae as Fuel
US could supply all its energy needs with 20 million acres of algae land . 970 acres are used for crops and grazing.
Drawbacks:
Commercial Viability, most of 120million algae don't produce oil and then only under certain,
Tough to figure due to Heat, Light, Grwoth Media, Turbulence, Water Circulation,200 gallons of fuel from 4000 gallons of algae,
1 percent is algae and algae is 99.5 percent water, .5 is algae and of the algae is 90 percent water.
dewatering and extraction policy.
1.50 gallon in capex to build the grow tanks. Algae is killed by overheat, excrement, oxegen,how to feed.
Open ponds open to other
Live fuels does open ponds
must get biomass at around 100 dollars a ton or not relevant, 40 dollar a barrell is target equal to tar sands,
1/1000 is the ratio of dry weight/algae
On the aggressive GMO is 50 oil/algae bioweight
Looking for the Lipid Trigger to create oil without stressing algae, needs to be GMO.
General Articles on Algae
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/02/us/02algae.html?_r=2&oref=slogin&oref=slogi
Companies actively involved in Algae to Oil
Green Fuels Techologies
http://www.sapphireenergy.com/
Solazyme
http://www.seambiotic.com/
List of 15 algae startups
Specific Algae Project articles
http://cleantech.com/news/1073/bioking-commercializes-small-algae-bio
http://cleantech.com/news/3582/game-changing-day-jet-biofuels#comment-3123
http://thefraserdomain.typepad.com/energy/2007/11/irst-commercial.html
According to one DOE projection, algae could replace all the petroleum consumed in the United States on an area not much larger than Maryland
Associations
National Algae Association
Algal Biomass Associations
Algae Blog
Oilgae
Podcasts on Algae
From Renewable Energy World
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/02/us/02algae.html?_r=2&oref=slogin&oref=slogi
Companies actively involved in Algae to Oil
Green Fuels Techologies
http://www.sapphireenergy.com/
Solazyme
http://www.seambiotic.com/
List of 15 algae startups
Specific Algae Project articles
http://cleantech.com/news/1073/bioking-commercializes-small-algae-bio
http://cleantech.com/news/3582/game-changing-day-jet-biofuels#comment-3123
http://thefraserdomain.typepad.com/energy/2007/11/irst-commercial.html
According to one DOE projection, algae could replace all the petroleum consumed in the United States on an area not much larger than Maryland
Associations
National Algae Association
Algal Biomass Associations
Algae Blog
Oilgae
Podcasts on Algae
From Renewable Energy World
notes on Gardening when it counts
The less fuss and work required of low intesive gardening makes up for a little less yield. One can make up for poorer fertilization,irragation by more land. on poor land with poor fertilizer the author feels he could use 4500 sq ft to provide half the calories of two adults.
Cuba was an organic gardening experiment due to need.
http://westgatehouse.com/art9.html
a half acre lot is 21,000 square feet.
if you have to provide all your calories you must grow potatoes.
In talking about his hard times, he ate alot of frozen banannas and picked blueberries.
In general, land where it rains barely enough for agriculture the soil is better!
Vegetables by Level of care needed
http://www.amazon.com/Gardening-When-Counts-Growing-Mother/dp/086571553X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1311986168&sr=8-1#reader_086571553X
tips for chitting seeds
http://minervasgardenwriter.wordpress.com/2010/03/25/chit-sugar-snap-pea-seeds-anytime-now/
Cuba was an organic gardening experiment due to need.
http://westgatehouse.com/art9.html
a half acre lot is 21,000 square feet.
if you have to provide all your calories you must grow potatoes.
In talking about his hard times, he ate alot of frozen banannas and picked blueberries.
In general, land where it rains barely enough for agriculture the soil is better!
Vegetables by Level of care needed
http://www.amazon.com/Gardening-When-Counts-Growing-Mother/dp/086571553X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1311986168&sr=8-1#reader_086571553X
tips for chitting seeds
http://minervasgardenwriter.wordpress.com/2010/03/25/chit-sugar-snap-pea-seeds-anytime-now/
Emergence Links -
I just read Emergence by johnson
I created this list for future review when I have time
http://mediumlite.com/procedural/week11.html
http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2007/08/14
http://www.oricomtech.com/misc/misc2/roblnk5a.htm#Swar2
http://www.beart.org.uk/Emergent/
http://wiki.allendowney.com/wiki/JohnsonEmergence
http://www.elasticspace.com/2004/03/adaptive-design
http://mymindonbooks.com/
http://thinkorthwim.com/
http://www.elasticspace.com/links
I created this list for future review when I have time
http://mediumlite.com/procedural/week11.html
http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2007/08/14
http://www.oricomtech.com/misc/misc2/roblnk5a.htm#Swar2
http://www.beart.org.uk/Emergent/
http://wiki.allendowney.com/wiki/JohnsonEmergence
http://www.elasticspace.com/2004/03/adaptive-design
http://mymindonbooks.com/
http://thinkorthwim.com/
http://www.elasticspace.com/links
Living Computers -Biology as computation
http://www.microbeworld.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=528:mts36-dennis-bray-living-computers&catid=37:meet-the-scientist&Itemid=155
The pancake problem being worked on by living cells
http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/natureedcast/episode_5_davidson8217s_malcolm_campbell
http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/05/28/bacteria-computer.html
The pancake problem being worked on by living cells
http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/natureedcast/episode_5_davidson8217s_malcolm_campbell
http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/05/28/bacteria-computer.html
Worm Ranching
Joan’s Famous Composting
Farming/Gardening
PO Box 387
Henniker, NH 03242
Joan O’Connor
428-3530
http://www.nhpr.org/node/15221
Farming/Gardening
PO Box 387
Henniker, NH 03242
Joan O’Connor
428-3530
http://www.nhpr.org/node/15221
Notes on the book: Spark:
In order for man to suceed in life, God provided him with two means, education and physical activity. Not Separately, one for the soul and one for the mind, but the two together. With these two means, man can attain perfection.
-Plato
Introduction: Making the Connection
> The reason exercise feels good is blood pumping makes the brain function at it's best building lungs and heart muscle is a side benefit.
> Dr Ratey says the point of exercise is to build and condition the brain.
> We are engineered to move and biological imperative to move is rooted in the area that governs movement.
the relationship btwn Fo0d,physical activity and learning is hardwired into the brains circuitry.
Inactivity shrinks brain while Activity grows brain .
Exercise cues the building blocks or learning in the brain, how it affects mood, anxiety and attention, How it guards against stress and reverses some of the aging in the brain. This is measured in lab rats and identified in people.
Exercise increases levels of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopomine- important neurotransmitter that traffic in thoughts and emotions . Toxic levels of stress erode the connections between billions of nerve cell connections & cronic depression reduces the brain size.
>Neurons in the brain connect to others through leaves on a treelike branches and exercizes cause those branches to grow and bloom with new buds.
Muscles produce proteins that travel through blood steams to the brain.
-Plato
Introduction: Making the Connection
> The reason exercise feels good is blood pumping makes the brain function at it's best building lungs and heart muscle is a side benefit.
> Dr Ratey says the point of exercise is to build and condition the brain.
> We are engineered to move and biological imperative to move is rooted in the area that governs movement.
the relationship btwn Fo0d,physical activity and learning is hardwired into the brains circuitry.
Inactivity shrinks brain while Activity grows brain .
Exercise cues the building blocks or learning in the brain, how it affects mood, anxiety and attention, How it guards against stress and reverses some of the aging in the brain. This is measured in lab rats and identified in people.
Exercise increases levels of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopomine- important neurotransmitter that traffic in thoughts and emotions . Toxic levels of stress erode the connections between billions of nerve cell connections & cronic depression reduces the brain size.
>Neurons in the brain connect to others through leaves on a treelike branches and exercizes cause those branches to grow and bloom with new buds.
Muscles produce proteins that travel through blood steams to the brain.
Things I would like to understand
I'm creating this list of items that I would like to learn more about and understand the basics about and be conversant on :
Life Sciences:
DNA
Physical Sciences:
The Thermodynamic Laws
Heisenberg Unpredictability
Math:
Goedel's proof that some true things can't be proved.
Calculus
Statistics
Famous Mathematicians and their findings ie what is Fermat's last theoreom
The Hilbert Problem Set
Life Sciences:
DNA
Physical Sciences:
The Thermodynamic Laws
Heisenberg Unpredictability
Math:
Goedel's proof that some true things can't be proved.
Calculus
Statistics
Famous Mathematicians and their findings ie what is Fermat's last theoreom
The Hilbert Problem Set
nashua
This is a place to hold information about Nashua.
Urban Housing in Nashua http://headingforhome.org/2007/07/09/task-force-local-bank-see-potential-for-new-type-of-affordable-housing-in-nashua/
walking tour in Nashua http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080828/ENCORE01/308289984 http://www.hippopress.com/music/nite070920a.html
french hill http://www.rudymayer.com/towndescripts/Nashua_NH_NeighborhoodsArticles/FrenchHill/frenchhill.html
Urban Housing in Nashua http://headingforhome.org/2007/07/09/task-force-local-bank-see-potential-for-new-type-of-affordable-housing-in-nashua/
walking tour in Nashua http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080828/ENCORE01/308289984 http://www.hippopress.com/music/nite070920a.html
french hill http://www.rudymayer.com/towndescripts/Nashua_NH_NeighborhoodsArticles/FrenchHill/frenchhill.html
Books I read in 2008
I created this post to list some of the books that I read and listened to (BOT) during 2008. Fiction NonFiction
Sunday, September 14, 2008
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